Maternal MtDNA

 

http://harlandna.blogspot.com/

C

DNA Report on Clif Hullinger

The DNA Report below was prepared for Cliffor Harlan Hullinger in July 2017. 

Clif is the son of Pearl Harlan Hullinger. His MtDNA is inherited from Pearl 

and is the same as all of Pearl's female ancestors and descendants.

This report was prepared by 23 and Me.  www.23andme.com.
It shows the genetic heritage of Clif.  The Native American heritage comports with our paper genealogy. Clif's maternal gggreatgrandmother was Ianahanna Poe, who was part of full Native American. 23 and Me estimates Clif's Native American ancestor to be born between 1770 and 1650, which includes Ianhanna Poe and four of her ancestors.

Generation	Year	Ancestor	Percent	23andMe Projected Native Ancestor
10	1650	Unknown		Estimated range for our 100% Native Ancestor
9	1680	Unknown		" "
8	1710	Unknown		" "
7	1740	Unknown		" "
6	1770	Hannah (Ianhanna) Poe 1780-1871		" "
5	1800	Rebecca Morgan Hart 1816-1891
4	1830	Missouri America Hart 1841-1925
3	1860	Minnie Jane Lockridge 1869-1968
2	1890	Pearl Harlan Hullinger 1895-1993
1	1920	Clif Harlan Hullinger 1920-	0.3%	Actual percent Native American

The Oceanic heritage was a surprise.  Don't know how that came about. 

DNA Report on Craig Hullinger

This is the DNA report on Craig Hullinger from 23 and Me. You can compare my DNA to my father Clif's DNA. My mother was Norwegian, and I therefore have a higher percent of Scandinavian heritage, and a lower percent of German and British. I received all of his Native American DNA, but not the Ashkenazi Jewish and Oceanic heritage.

Clif Harlan Hullinger DNA Test September 2014

We did another DNA test on Clif Hullinger.  His MtDNA is the same as his mother Pearl Harlan Hullinger and all of her female descendants and ancestors. And his "Y" DNA which is passed from father to son will be the same for all male descendants and ancestors of John F Hullinger. Info below:

Your Ancestral Journey

The origin of our species lies in Africa: It's where we first evolved and where we've spent the majority of our time on Earth. We have since migrated to every corner of the globe, a journey that is written in our DNA.

With the DNA sample you sent us, we ran a comprehensive analysis to identify thousands of genetic markers—breadcrumbs—in your DNA, which are passed down from generation to generation. By looking at the order in which these markers occurred over time, we can trace the journey of your ancestors out of Africa. Furthermore, with these markers we have created a human family tree. Everyone alive today falls on a particular branch of this family tree. We have examined your markers to determine which branch you belong to. The results of our analysis—your personal journey—are outlined below.

Help Me Understand My Results

Your Hominin Ancestry

(60,000 Years Ago & Older)

As our modern human ancestors migrated through Eurasia, they met other hominin species and interbred. These "cousin" species, Neanderthal and Denisovan, are now extinct, but the genetic makeup of nearly everyone born outside of Africa today includes 1 to 4 percent DNA from these other hominins, living relics of ancient encounters.

Explore Your Results

Your Deep Ancestry

(1,000 Years - 100,000 Years Ago)

MATERNAL LINE

T2A1

0.4%

Your maternal haplogroup is shared by 0.4% of all participants in the project

         

PATERNAL LINE

J-F3133

0.1%

Your paternal haplogroup is shared by 0.1% of all participants in the project

         

Modern humans started to leave Africa between 60,000 and 70,000 years ago. They traveled in groups, taking different paths and arriving at different destinations. These journeys can be traced through DNA “markers” that form the human genetic tree. Based on these personal markers, each person alive today can be assigned to a specific haplogroup, which identifies their branch on the tree.

Explore Your Results

Your Regional Ancestry

(5,000 Years - 10,000 Years Ago)

Based on their different destinations, humans migrating out of Africa developed regional affiliations over time. These affiliations are present as patterns of DNA and are visible in the variety of physical traits humans possess. Scientists have identified typical individuals, genetically speaking, from different parts of the globe and defined them as “reference populations.” Genographic participants are assigned to the reference population they most resemble genetically. The significant mixing of peoples over time, however, means that a reference population may only provide a rough estimate of an individual’s ancestral diversity.

Your Regional Ancestry

(5,000 Years - 10,000 Years Ago)

We are all more than the sum of our parts, but the results below offer some of the most dramatic and fascinating information in your Geno 2.0 test. In this section, we display your affiliations with a set of nine world regions. This information is determined from your entire genome so we’re able to see both parents’ information, going back six generations. Your percentages reflect both recent influences and ancient genetic patterns in your DNA due to migrations as groups from different regions mixed over thousands of years. Your ancestors also mixed with ancient, now extinct hominid cousins like Neanderthals in Europe and the Middle East or the Denisovans in Asia. If you have a very mixed background, the pattern can get complicated quickly! Use the reference population matches below to help understand your particular result.

Your Results

• Northern European

42%

• Mediterranean

38%

• Southwest Asian

19%

42%

Northern European

This component of your ancestry is found at highest frequency in northern European populations—people from the UK, Denmark, Finland, Russia and Germany in our reference populations. While not limited to these groups, it is found at lower frequencies throughout the rest of Europe. This component is likely the signal of the earliest hunter-gatherer inhabitants of Europe, who were the last to make the transition to agriculture as it moved in from the Middle East during the Neolithic period around 8,000 years ago.

Note: In some cases regional percentages may not total 100%.

What Your Results Mean

Modern day indigenous populations around the world carry particular blends of these regions. We compared your DNA results to the reference populations we currently have in our database and estimated which of these were most similar to you in terms of the genetic markers you carry. This doesn’t necessarily mean that you belong to these groups or are directly from these regions, but that these groups were a similar genetic match and can be used as a guide to help determine why you have a certain result. Remember, this is a mixture of both recent (past six generations) and ancient patterns established over thousands of years, so you may see surprising regional percentages. Read each of the population descriptions below to better interpret your particular result.

Your First Reference Population: British (United Kingdom)

This reference population is based on samples collected from populations in the United Kingdom. The dominant 49% Northern European component likely reflects the earliest settlers in Europe, hunter-gatherers who arrived there more than 35,000 years ago.  The 33% Mediterranean and 17% Southwest Asian percentages arrived later, with the spread of agriculture from the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East, over the past 10,000 years.  As these early farmers moved into Europe, they spread their genetic patterns as well. Today, northern European populations retain their links to both the earliest Europeans and these later migrants from the Middle East.

British (United Kingdom)

• Northern European

49%

• Mediterranean

33%

• Southwest Asian

17%

You

42%

• Northern European

38%

• Mediterranean

19%

• Southwest Asian

Your Second Reference Population: Romanian

This reference population is based on samples collected from people native to Romania. The 43% Mediterranean and 19% Southwest Asian percentages reflect the strong influence of agriculturalists from the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East, who arrived here more than 7,000 years ago. The 36% Northern European component likely comes from the pre-agricultural population of Europe—the earliest settlers, who arrived more than 35,000 years ago during the Upper Paleolithic period. The 2% Northeast Asian component shows that there has been some mixing with groups to the east, and is typical of Eastern European populations such as Romanians, Russians and North Caucasians.

Romanian

• Mediterranean

43%

• Northern European

36%

• Southwest Asian

19%

• Northeast Asian

2%

You

42%

• Northern European

38%

• Mediterranean

19%

• Southwest Asian

Harlan Genealogy Grows Deeper

The Harlan DNA Project shows a genealogy that goes back 5 more generations in England than the genealogy that we have known. The family book showed George Harlan b 1650 as our oldest known ancestor.  

http://www.worldfamilies.net/surnames/harlan/pats

Harlan

• Henry Harland b 1522 England - William Frank Harlin Jr. [alison.dinardo AT earthlink.net]
• Robert Harland b 1546 England m Beatrice Ireland
• James Harland b 1580 England m Maude Ireland
• William Harland b 1594 England m Deborah Seamon
• James Harland b 1625 England m Rebecca Kirke
• George Harland b 1650 Durham, England m Elizabeth Duck  +3
• Aaron Harland b 24 Oct 1685 Donnahlong, Down, Ireland m Sarah Heald +8

• • 
    
    
    George Harlan #3; Aaron Harlan #8; George Harlan # 37; George Harlan #180; Moses Harlan #676;
    
    Moses Harlan  1786-1842
    
    
    Moses Harlan served with Abraham Lincoln in the Illinois Legislature in 1838-40 representing Peoria County, Illinois. Lincoln and Harlan were members of the Whig Party and often but not always voted together.
    
    
    The Harlan family in America was founded by George and Michael Harlan, Quakers who came to Pennsylvania in 1687 from England. The family history was compiled in the "History and Genealogy of the Harlan Family," by Alpheus H. Harlan in 1914. On page 224, it states that:
    
    
    “Moses Harlan (#676), son of George (#180), farmer (Friend or Quaker), born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in 1786; died in Peoria, Ill., 1842, and is buried there in the cemetery at Radnor Township, Peoria County, Ill. He was married near Ridgeville, Warren County, Ohio, in 1813 to Ann Jennings, daughter of John and Sarah (Hopkins) Jennings, who was born in 1791 and died in 1824. She is buried in Friends burying ground, Miami Meeting House.
    
    
    Moses was descended from George Harlan #3; Aaron Harlan #8; George Harlan # 37; George Harlan #180; Moses Harlan #676; Lewis Harlan, Marion Harlan, Pearl Harlan Hullinger

Map Shows Current Locations of MtDNA T Location

Map Shows Current Locations of MtDNA T Locations. 

The link below shows the locations.

https://my.familytreedna.com/maps_v2.aspx?dt=hvr1

Our MTDNA - Pearl Harlan and her children and all her ancestors on the maternal line

Haplogroup  T

HVR1 Mutations

T16126C, A16129G, T16187C, C16189T, T16223C, G16230A, T16278C, C16294T, C16296T, C16311T 

HVR2 Mutations

C146T, C152T, C195T, A247G, 522.1A, 522.2C, 309.1C, 315.1C

Pearl Harlan Maternal DNA

In 2010 we conducted genetic testing to determine the maternal mtDNA lineage of Pearl Harlan Hullinger. Pearl's son Clifford Harlan Hullinger took a swab of the inside of his mouth and sent it for testing.

His mtDNA inherited from Pearl is the same for all of Pearl's children and all of the children of her female descendants. It is also the same or very similar as the mtDNA of her mother and grandmother and great grandmother, and of their female ancestors and descendants in the female line.

Pearl's known maternal lineage is as follows:

Hannah (Ianhanna) Poe 1780-1871

Rebecca Morgan Hart 1816-1891

Missouri America Hart 1841-1925

Minnie Jane Lockridge 1869-1968

Pearl Harlan Hullinger 1895-1993

Several geneaological references have indicated that Hannah (Ianhanna) Poe was part Native American.


"Her mother, Iahannah Poe, may have been of American Indian descent."

"William Morgan and Rebecca Hart's first child, James
Elliiott Hart, was born in January 1840, in the northern part
of old Livingston County, in an area known as the Goshen
Prairie. We have been told that he was the first "white
child" born in that sparsely settled area, close to the Iowa
State line. Others have told us that he was not actually
awarded that "distinction" locally, as his grandmother,
Hannah Poe Hart, was full or part Cherokee Indian, making him
part Indian and, thus, not considered to be wholly "white"."

"This is not a story we have verified, but do find
interesting. Perhaps local historians in Mercer County could
furnish more information on what child is "officially"
considered to be the first white child born in that county."

"William Morgan's daughter Hannah Jane, born in 1834, relates
in "Roger's History of Mercer County", published in 1911,
that her husband's uncle, Johnny Reeves, and her father were
the first settlers of what was referred to as the Goshen
Prairie. She states that there were Indians living in that
area at the time her family settled there, and Hannah recalls
them visiting her stepmother, Rebecca Hart. They were fed and
at times would stop for the night at the Hart home, where
they slept, wrapped in blankets, before the fireplace."

http://www.familylore.net/pers_hist/hart_william_more.html

_________________________________

(Rebecca was the granddaugher of Hanna (Iahannah) Poe 

"Rebecca lived near Cainsville, MO at some point in her life.
Her son, Jesse Fox, was "raised" by his grandparents."

"As with some other Hart's, Rebecca is said to have applied
for land in Oklahoma as a result of Indian heritage, but was
turned down because she didn't "have enough Indian blood."
According to a great-great-granddaughter (from the Fox line),
Rebecca lived in Wyandotte County, KS at the end of her life.
She was cared for by her daughter, Letha Dean Powers, since
Rebecca was dying of skin cancer on her face. She probably
died between 1920 and 1930. She is probably buried in the
Kansas City, MO area.

http://www.familylore.net/individuals/hart_rebecca_ann.html

http://www.familylore.net/individuals/poe_hannah.html

We reasoned that if this was our GGGGGrandmother Iahannah Poe was full or part Native American that her mtDNA ancestry would would be Native American. But her mtDNA is not Native American. This does not prove or disprove possible Native American ancestry of Pearl's (and our) ancestry but it does prove that our original maternal ancestor who came to North America was not Native American but came more recently from Europe.


Pearl Harlan's mtDNA type is T.  All of Pearl's relatives in the female line will have an identical or very similar T Haplogroup, which is from Europe. Native American mtDNA Haplogroups are A, B, C, D, and X.

* This company has found a number of other lineages, including T, that they believe were in the Cherokee before modern European immigration.

http://dnaconsultants.com/_blog/DNA_Consultants_Blog/post/Anomalous_Mitochondrial_DNA_Lineages_in_the_Cherokee/

DNA theory posits that all people are descended from one woman.  This woman lived in Africa.  Each woman passes on her mtDNA to her children.  Each one of her daughters pass on this mtDNA to her children.

Over time there are small changes to the mtDNA. These divisions enable us to follow the migrations of different groups of individuals by their mtDNA.

There are seven founding female mtDNA lineages in Europe. T is one of those founding lineages. Brian Sykes is a genetist and author who dramatizes the journey by giving the haplogroup a name - in our case T = Tara. A summary of his writing is included below:

Tara

Tara’s clan was launched about 17,000 years ago. Her clan lived in Italy in the depths of the Ice Age. They were less prosperous, but perhaps developed musical instruments and boats. The maritime lifestyle provided the clan with mussels and seals to eat. About 9 percent of Europeans are members of the clan of Tara. They live around the Mediterranean and are numerous in Britain and Ireland."

The Seven Daughters of Eve

Geneticist Brian Sykes in "The Seven Daughters of Eve" dramatizes and discusses the founding genetic lineages of Europe.

The information below is provided the review below written on Oct 21, 2008 by Sara E. Lewis.

Sykes says his book is about "the history of the world as revealed by genetics." He names the genetic clan groups and describes their world.

The Seven Daughters of Eve is a must read for anyone considering a DNA analysis to supplement genealogical work. Author Bryan Sykes' conversational and breezy writing style demystifies the science. Although most of the book describes his research path (see Understanding Genetic Genealogy), he lapses into the romantic visions of the daughters or clan mothers toward the end.

Differences in mtDNA Noted in 1987

A 1987 paper described how mitochondrial DNA shows human population evolution. If two people have a very similar mitochondrial DNA, then they are more closely related. They have a common ancestor who lived more recently in the past. People with very different mitochondrial DNA share a more remote common ancestor. Both males and females have mitochondria in all cells, but only women pass theirs on to offspring because only women produce eggs. Fathers pass on nuclear DNA (Y-DNA).

Out of Africa

Sykes applied the mitochondrial DNA knowledge to determine the progress of Homo sapiens out of Africa, the only place where there are fossils covering the last three million years from Homo erectus, to Homo neanderthalensis, to Homo sapiens. In 1997, DNA was sequenced from a Neaderthal and it had 26 differences from the average modern European, which indicates that they last shared a common ancestor about 250,000 years ago.

After collecting thousands of DNA samples from across Europe, Sykes fit the sequences into a scheme to show their evolutionary relationship to one another. He found seven clusters (haplogroups or clades) that frame the population of Europe. Six of the seven were older than ten thousand years. Historians had previously believed that agriculturalists overwhelmed the last of the hunter-gatherers on the European landscape after the last Ice Age. But the mitochondrial DNA showed otherwise. It provided evidence that most of Europe is populated by people whose ancestors endured the last Ice Age.

Sykes' Seven Daughters scenarios also draw on archaeology and climate records, including styles of tools, pollen in ice cores, animal and fish bones. “Theses are real people, genetically almost identical to us, their descendants, but living in very different circumstances,” he explained.

Ursula

Ursula is the oldest clan mother and she lived 45,000 years ago. Her clan faced the Neanderthals and moved further into cold Europe than any of there kind had before. They edged the Neanderthals into extinction and currently make up about 11 percent of the modern European population.

Xenia

Xenia and her clan came into being about 20,000 years ago at a time when earlier species of the genus Homo had become extinct and modern humans had Europe to themselves. Although the continent was cold and inhospitable, the tundra was teeming with bison and reindeer. Three branches of Xenia’s clan fanned out across Europe and 6 percent of today’s Europeans trace their mitochondrial DNA back through her clan.

Helena

Helena, or haplogroup H, was formed by genetic mutations beginning 20,000 years ago. The Glacial Maximum pushed these new Europeans south and up against the Alps and Pyrenees. Her clan may have known the cave paintings at Dordogne in France. This was the most successful clan and 47 percent of modern Europeans are descended from them. Louise Liffengren Hullinger is H.

Velda

A copy error in DNA marks the genesis of Velda’s clan about 17,000 years ago. The clan lived in southern France, Italy, and the Iberian Peninsula. They maintained a permanent base camp and produced symbolic and naturalistic art. About 5 percent of Europeans were members of this clan.

Tara

Tara’s clan was launched about 17,000 years ago. Her clan lived in Italy in the depths of the Ice Age. They were less prosperous, but perhaps developed musical instruments and boats. The maritime lifestyle provided the clan with mussels and seals to eat. About 9 percent of Europeans are members of the clan of Tara. They live around the Mediterranean and are numerous in Britain and Ireland.

Katrine

ertificate - Ancestral Country Matches

mtDNA Recent Ancestral Origins

Welcome to the mtDNA ANCESTRAL ORIGINS database! This section displays the countries of origin reported by the people whom you match from both our research and customer databases. Your list of matches represents the range of places in which relatives of your ancestors may have lived. Current scientific research considers differences in positions 309 and 315 in the HVR2 region to be genealogically insignificant, so they are ignored in High Resolution and Full Sequence match comparisons.

For information purposes, the Recent Ancestral Origins search also displays results that are matches from both the research database and Family Tree DNA customers. Entries from the research database typically include only base pairs 16001 to 16400, while our tests include the full spectrum of HVR-1 which is 16001 to 16569, so both near and exact matches are listed below.

The chart displays:

• Each country from which you have matches
• The number of people you match for each country and comment combination
• Any additional information your matches provided about their origins
• The total number of people you match from that country
• The total number of people who have reported this as their country of origin
• The percent of the people we have tested from this country who match you

How to read this chart:

The following is an example of how to correctly interpret your matches below:

You match 1 person out of 559 people from Austria, this is 0.2% of the population tested from Austria.

LOW RESOLUTION (HVR1) MATCHES

Country	Your Matches	Comment	Match Total	Country Total	Percentage
Armenia	1	-	1	90	N/A
Austria	1	-	1	559	0.2%
Belarus	2	-	2	292	0.7%
Belgium	2	-	2	260	0.8%
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1	-	1	40	N/A
Bulgaria	1	Sephardic	1	175	0.6%
Croatia	6	-	6	191	3.1%
Czech Republic	3	-	3	594	0.5%
Denmark	5	-	5	557	0.9%
England	33	-	33	6,914	0.5%
Ethiopia	1	-	2	299	0.7%
	1	Amhara
France	11	-	11	2,450	0.4%
Germany	22	-	23	7,727	0.3%
	1	Lower Saxony
Greece	3	-	3	400	0.8%
Hungary	4	-	4	673	0.6%
India	1	-	1	504	0.2%
Iraq	1	Mizrachi	1	191	0.5%
Ireland	24	-	25	6,023	0.4%
	1	Bohemia
Italy	23	-	28	2,590	1.1%
	5	Sicily
Lithuania	3	-	4	707	0.6%
	1	Ashkenazi
Luxembourg	1	-	1	52	N/A
Netherlands	8	-	8	952	0.8%
Northern Ireland	1	-	1	132	0.8%
Norway	8	-	8	1,249	0.6%
Poland	9	-	10	2,895	0.3%
	1	Ashkenazi
Romania	2	-	2	505	0.4%
Russian Federation	5	-	6	1,453	0.4%
	1	Ashkenazi
Scotland	11	-	11	2,859	0.4%
Serbia	1	-	1	63	N/A
Slovakia	4	-	4	395	1.0%
Slovenia	1	-	1	131	0.8%
Spain	3	-	4	1,399	0.3%
	1	Basque
Sweden	3	-	3	1,382	0.2%
Switzerland	3	-	4	892	0.4%
	1	Bern
Turkey	3	-	3	428	0.7%
Ukraine	3	-	3	1,078	0.3%
United Kingdom	21	-	28	5,387	0.5%
	3	British Isles
	4	Great Britain
Wales	4	-	4	663	0.6%

HIGH RESOLUTION (HVR1+HVR2)

Country	Your Matches	Comment	Match Total	Country Total	Percentage
Austria	1	-	1	201	0.5%
Belarus	1	-	1	151	0.7%
Croatia	1	-	1	59	N/A
Czech Republic	2	-	2	243	0.8%
Denmark	2	-	2	201	1.0%
England	15	-	15	3,015	0.5%
France	5	-	5	927	0.5%
Germany	10	-	11	3,066	0.4%
	1	Lower Saxony
Ireland	6	-	6	2,221	0.3%
Italy	5	-	5	840	0.6%
Norway	2	-	2	467	0.4%
Poland	6	-	6	1,048	0.6%
Romania	1	-	1	152	0.7%
Russian Federation	1	-	1	496	0.2%
Scotland	1	-	1	1,077	0.1%
Slovakia	1	-	1	175	0.6%
Switzerland	1	-	1	405	0.2%
United Kingdom	9	-	10	1,803	0.6%
	1	Great Britain
Wales	1	-	1	234	0.4%

FULL GENOMIC SEQUENCE MATCH